Trey, avant l'Гўge de 8 ans _ le bras plusieurs fois. (prendre)Д«ette: Hier soir, j' _ Tex avant l'arrivГ©e de Tammy.(draguer) Tammy: Tex et moi, nous _ le bus avant l'Г©clat des orages. (acheter)ДГЁs 1990, Tex _ les grandes oeuvres de la littГ©rature franГ§aise. (tomber)ДЇiona: Corey et Joe-Bob, vous _ deux examens au dГ©but du semestre? (rater)ДЄ la rentrГ©e, Tammy et Fiona _ tous les livres scolaires. Paw-Paw _ amoureux avant la fin de la guerre.

Les parents de Tex _ sur l'autoroute pendant son absence. Joe-Bob: Tex, tu _ l'anglais avant ton arrivГ©e Г Austin, n'est-ce pas? (apprendre) Tammy: Bette _ avec Tex avant la fin de mes cours. Give the plus-que-parfait of the verb indicated in parentheses.Д¬orey: J' _ mon film prГ©fГ©rГ© Г l'Гўge de 10 ans. If I had known how difficult artists were, I'd have become an accountant! Because of you, I'm losing my inspiration again.Д®diteur: Mon Dieu, si j' avais su combien les artistes Г©taient difficiles, je serais devenu comptable!Д®ditor: My God. Tex to his editor: Imbecile! If you had not interrupted me, I would have been able to finish my new poem. A cause de vous, je sens que je perds Г nouveau mon inspiration. Tex Г son Г©diteur: ImbГ©cile! Si vous ne m' aviez pas interrompu, j'aurais pu finir mon nouveau poГЁme. The plus-que-parfait is also commonly used in si clauses followed by the past conditional. In French and in English alike, the plus-que-parfait is also used to express wishes about the past, as in this example:Д®diteur: Si seulement tu avais fini ton nouveau poГЁme!Д®ditor: If only you had finished your new poem! (but you haven't) Tex had not (yet) finished his poem when his editor called. Tex n'avait pas ( encore) fini son poГЁme quand son Г©diteur a tГ©lГ©phonГ©. Just as 'already' is replaced by 'yet' in English. Remember that the opposite of dГ©jГ is the negative expression pas encore, Tex had begun his poem when his publisher called. Tex avait (dГ©jГ ) commencГ© son poГЁme quand son Г©diteur a tГ©lГ©phonГ©. In fact, Tex had just started a new poem when his editor called.Д¬ontrast the plus-que-parfait in this sentence with the examples above: The literary public had been waiting for years for new poetry from Tex when at last he found his inspiration again.Д®n fait, Tex venait de commencer un nouveau poГЁme quand son Г©diteur a tГ©lГ©phonГ©. Le public littГ©raire attendait depuis des annГ©es la nouvelle poГ©sie de Tex quand il a enfin retrouvГ© son inspiration. Not all instances of had + past participle in English are translated into plus-que-parfait in French.ДЇor example, in French depuis is usually used with the imperfect ( not the pluperfect) and 'had just done something' is generally translated by venir de in the imparfait. She adored the innocent poems that Tex had written during his youth.

But he changed his mind when he read the poems to Tammy.Д®lle a adorГ© les poГЁmes innocents que Tex avait Г©crits pendant sa jeunesse. Mais il a changГ© d'avis quand il a lu les poГЁmes Г Tammy.ДЄ few years later, he had abandoned all hope of literary fame. Quelques annГ©es plus tard, il avait abandonnГ© tout espoir de gloire littГ©raire. In affirmative sentences in French, it is often, but not always, accompanied by the adverb dГ©jГ (already).ДЄ l'Гўge de sept ans, Tex avait dГ©jГ rГ©digГ© dix poГЁmes.ДЄt the age of seven, Tex had already composed ten poems. In English the plus-que-parfait is indicated by had + past participle. In other words, the action in the plus-que-parfait is prior to another past action or moment. In past narration, the plus-que-parfait is used to express an action which precedes another past action or moment. Je n'avais pas mangГ© (I had not eaten), Je n'Г©tais pas allГ© (I had not gone), etc. pas around the conjugated verb, which in this case is the auxiliary: The negation is formed in the usual manner by placing ne. IlsВ / elles Г©taient allГ©(e)s, they had gone Il, elleВ / on Г©tait allГ©(e), he, she (it)В / one had gone IlsВ / elles avaient mangГ©, they had eaten Il, elleВ / on avait mangГ©, he, she (it)В / one had eaten Plus-que-parfait = auxiliary in the imparfait + past participle of verb The choice of auxiliary, ГЄtre or avoir, is the same as for the passГ© composГ© (the Alamo of ГЄtre applies). The pluperfect ( le plus-que-parfait) is formed with the auxiliary in the imparfait followed by the past participle of the verb.

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